The rise of Islam as an organized religion and political community is a major event... The year 622 AD is particularly significant, because it corresponds to the Hegira, the migration of the Prophet Muhammad from Mecca to Medina. This founding episode is both a spiritual and political turning point, and it gives birth to the Islamic calendar, thus structuring the time and collective consciousness of Muslims throughout the centuries.
Historical context of the foundation of Islam in 622
At the beginning of the seventh century, the Arabian peninsula was characterized by deep tribal divisions, a polytheistic society and constant conflicts. The city of Mecca, an important religious and commercial centre, housed the Kaaba and attracted many pilgrims. It was in this context that Mohammed appeared, proclaiming a monotheistic message, calling for social justice and belief in a single God. In the face of the growing hostility of the Mecca notables, he had to leave his hometown in 622 for Medina, where he was welcomed and where he was able to establish an organized Muslim community, thus laying the foundations of the emerging Islamic State.
The importance of Hegira in the Islamic era
Hegira is not a mere migration; It marks the official starting point of the Islamic calendar, called the Hegirian calendar. This moment symbolises the transition from persecution to community gathering and religious expansion. The event embodies the victory of faith and unity over tribal division. In addition, Hegira bears witness to the importance of solidarity and building a society based on the values of Islam, which will have a lasting impact on the Muslim world and beyond.
Thus, the foundation of Islam in 622 through Hegira represents an essential historical and spiritual milestone. This event consolidated a new religion and gave rise to a new civilization but also to a new civilization, profoundly changing the social, political and cultural dynamics of the Middle East and the world. Hegira remains a powerful symbol of hope, renewal and commitment for millions of believers throughout the ages.
